Sudan

National name: Jamhuryat as-Sudan

Geography 

Capital: Khartoum
Major Towns: Omdurman, Khartoum, Nyala, Bor, Port Sudan, Al Fashir
Location (geographical coordinates/latitude and longitude): Khartoum: 15°31'N, 32°35'E
Time Zone: GMT+3
Size (Land and Sea): 2,505,813 km²; 6% Water
Borders with Egypt, the Red Sea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Chad and Libya
Elevation extremes: Lowest point : Red Sea 0 m, highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m
 
Politics 

Head of State: President: Omar al-Bashir; Prime Minister: Salva Kiir
Form of Government: Government of National Unity
Independancy (from Egypt and UK): January 1, 1956
Currency: Sudanese Dinar
 
Industry
 
Main industries: Oil export, Minerals (petroleum, natural gas, gold, silver, chrome, asbestos, manganese, gypsum, mica, zinc, iron, lead, uranium, copper, kaolin, cobalt, granite, nickel and tin), agriculture
Other industries: Cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly.
Natural resources: petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower
Agriculture: cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock
 
Population and People
 
Population: 42,292,929 (2007 est.); 36,992,490 (July 2006); 24,940,683 (1993)
Population density per sq mi: 46
Growth rate: 2.5% (2007 est.)
Birth rate: 33.9 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Total fertility rate: 4.69 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 59.6/1000
Religion: 75% Islam, 15-20% animist or indigenous beliefs, 5% Christianity
Languages: Arabic, English, Nubian, Bari, Fur, Zande
Ethnic groups / Tribes: black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%
Age structure: 0-14 years: 41.6% (male 8,371,628/female 8,016,880); 15-64 years: 56% (male 11,080,025/female 10,956,458); 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 504,957/female 449,410) (2007 est.)
Life expectancy: 59.3
Literacy: Total population: 46.1%; male: 57.7%, female: 34.6% (1995 est.)